Direct-acting engine.



- cylinder smear BALI-1ND menus canons, or. tin-mam,

new nantrsnmn, assxen'oas PORA'LIQN OF MAINE.

gines, and more particularly,

I ectlng an elliexclusively, to means for e cient control of such engines.

We have herein illustrated our invention as applied to an undercutting coal machine, and will refer to the advantage ofsuch particular ap lication thereof, at it is to be undcrstoo that our inventionis not limited to the'particular use herein illustrated;

but that the same may be usefully applie to other machines and engines.

Our invention will be best understood by reference to the following description when taken in connection with the accompanying illustration of one specific embodiment thereof, while its scope will be more particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawings: Figure 1 is a central lon itudinal sectional elevation, partly broken awa of an under-cutting coal machine embo ying one form of our invention Fig. 2 is a rear elevation on an enlarged scale of the air chest cap plate of the engine shown in Fig. 1: Fig. 8 is a fragmentary sectional plan, also on an enlarged scale, taken on the line 3-3 in Fig. 2; Fig. 4 is a rear elevation on the scale Fig. 1, showing the back of the c linder wit the rear late part1 roken away; Fig. 5 is a detai showing t e reversing plate; ig. 6 is a detail showing the reversing valve; and Fig. 7 is a diagrammatic view showing the ports and passages afi'ectinglthe operation of the motive means for t e main valve.

Referring to the drawings, we have there shown an embodiment ofour invention in a coal cutting machine, the engine for which, except as sfiecificallypointed out, .is substantiallylt e same as shown in the prior Patent, 0. 661,686, grantedto us November 18, 1900.

. manor-norms sashes. i

Specification 0t Letters Paitent a lication filed August so, 1907. stamina. 880,750.

residents of Claremont,

ratenteaocaaaisas.

The main cylinder 1 of the engine con-' tains a reciprocator piston 2, from which projects a piston-r0 'or stem 3, to the outer end of wh ch is attached the pick or other tool (not shown) to be operated by the engine. A rifle bar 4, of'any usual construction, engages a co5perating-partof the iston and acts to turn the P11110115 locate at its outer end. Movement of the pinion' 5 operates a reversing valve6 by means of a rack 7 on its upper edge, the pinion and valve bein located in a chamber 8, formed bfi' a cap bolted to the rear plate 10 of t e cylinder 1. i The rotation or artial rotation of the rifle bar 4 is effector? by means of a nut in the piston, as is usual in engines of this character.

The live air for operating the piston is admitted to the air chest 11 thron -h the admission opening 12, and from t e air chest 11 throu h a ort or passage 13 to the front end of t e cy 'nder, a s ring-actuated valve 14being so located in t is passa e as to be raised by the air admitted throu ii the port or passage 13, but preventing t e return of air through that passage and thus insuring the formation of a compressed air cushion for the piston at the front end of the cylinder.

Admission of live air from the air chest 11 to the rear end of the c linder is obtamed through the port 15 and the cooperat- 1n and connected run-around port 16. The ex aust takes Iplace from the front end of the cylinder t rough the branched or di; v1d ed port 17, the exhaust ort 18 and the""" mam exhaust space 19, an from the rear end of the cylinder through the ports 20 and 21 and the main exhaust space 19.

The valve 22 for controlling the admission and enhaust 1s connected to and operated by a differential piston device 23, the larger end 24 of WhICh operates in a cylinder 25 formed at one end of the air chest 11, and smaller and 26 of which operates in a cvlin- 3.99 der 27 formed inthe other end of the air" chest 11. The chamber 8 receives live air from the chest 11 through a passage 28, and 8.1! Is supphed'to thecylinder 25 from the chamber 8 through 'a,passage 29 (show i see Figs. 2, 8 and 4). Thlspassage extends upwardly through the plate 10: (Fi 4) into the cap 42,-atthe rearof the cylin er, 0 enmg into" the right-angled branch 29 w iich leads tothe rear of the'cylinder 25, the op'en- 3.3.0

ih of'the s es into antea zyice. to be.- more;ful ly desoribedlf.

owever-being Regulated b fli lo l d 1 I y clos e blle exhaust assa e30, thereb to tr p The exhaushfromthe. cylinder 25 charged through; a; passage 80 an: exhaust throttle valve.41'being provide sage, which valve ,will a forthe passobemore full d0! scribed. The exhaust' passagdBO leads 'ori-,

. zontally from thegcylindef to thehollow interior of the :valve chamber. where .com-

.- metathes s catatothroiigh'thd body of flth valve il'l with tho lateral passage 80" extending latcrally'tand thence downwardly its mouth registerin 'throhghthem linder jplatelyand having with 'a' cove B1 in the back off the va ve .Iplatew 2 (Fig; '5).

The o'roove'lil is provided with the port 83,

- which in oncposition ofth'e reversing'valve dis connecte V v :34 with the port35 and t e by the brid e and the groove groove 86, the latter alsoupon', the valve plate, and havin c'onn'cctionwith the exhaust passage 87 lea ingthrough the walls of the cylinder plate 10 to the atmosphere. The back of the late 32 is also provided with a lon'gitudina admission" groove 38 registering with the month of the admission passage 29 and also withthe port 89.. The transverse reciprocation 0ft 0' reversing valve-6 through the movement of therifle'bar pinionact's altergortall and to admit I through the port 89 to the cylinder 24an'd' exhaust thesame to the atmosphere from said cylinder by bridging the ports 33 and 35. This-operation is substantially the same'as the corres ondingdevice shown in our said prior atent No. 661,686, and the same means for'setting the plate in order to regulate the normal stroke of the main piston may be employed;

such means being indicatedat40 (Fig. 4).

In-the illustrated embodiment of our invention we have provided governing means for regulating, at the will of the o orator, the stroke of the piston. While sue means may be embodied in other forms than those we have herein'shown, wehave here provided controlling levers whereby the piston stroke may be'regulated by varying t e action of the differential piston and the main controlling valve, su'ch'variation'in the illustrated embodiment of our, invention bein .by way of retarding the "valve movenien In the drawings we have shown means'b'oth for retardin 'the'forward movement of the valve and t ereby retarding the backward stroke, of the piston andftool, and for retar-ding the backward movement of the con- .trolling' valve',thereby=to retard the forward movement of the -piston. These controlling "means are such thatYnovemento'f the" piston 'ivill not only be rjetarde'd' butif. desired, the

throttling valve41 adapted more or less to k pressure within t e cy inder 25 an prevent the diiferential valve from moving baclc into the position shown in Fig. 1, or requiring it .to move backward into such position at an im eded rate of speed.

he exhaust throttle 4:1 has a ta cred seat in a verticalopening or recess in t 1e cap 42, .the latter bolted to the back of the casing for the airohest 11. The bottom of the rccess is closed by a lug 43-, but the recess 0 ens'directly into t e cvlinder 25 through t e passage 30. The valve 41 is provided with a port 44, which is adapted to register with the upper lateral branch of the passage 30* (shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3), so that the available cross-section of the latter may be varied. The valve is provided with an exterior handle 45 adapted to be turned in the horizontal lane by the runner and frictionally on aging with the coiled spring 46 seated int e ca 42 to prevent accidental dis lacement of t e handle and valve.

1 the handle 45 is'turned to reduce the area'of the exhaust passage 80* and thereby choke the exhaust, t e backward movement of the piston 24, under the influence of the 'constant pre'ssure in the chamber 11, Wlll ,be retarded, or itmay be that the piston and its valve will be entirely brought to rest. This will. result inretarding or entirely stopping the forward movement of the main piston 2 accordin to the extent to which the exhaust is t rattled and the return movement of the main valve retarded.

1 .Therefore, the quickness with which the forwardpiston stroke takes place, may be varied by the runner, as desired, or the working tpiston-may be forced up a ainst the cylm er head and there held fixe In order to throttle the admission to the differential valve cylinder 25 there is provided a valve handle 47 ada ted to be moved in a vertical plane at thelick of the cap 42, the end of said handle engaging a ratchet or notched formation 48 upon the face of the cap to prevent its displacement, a spring 49 at the opposite end of the handle forcing the same into on agement with the ratchet. The valve han Is is pivoted to the valve stein 50, the latter lying directly across the a right admission passage 29, and so shaped t at by turning the handle the said passage may be left ogen or wholly or artly closed. 'By moving t e valve handle 7 to shut off the passage 29 more or less from the passaFe 29 and, therefore, from the air, the adm salon to the cylinder 25 may be retarded and the forward movement of the piston 24: and its valve'more'or less retarded. This, in turn, will act to "retard the backward movement of the main iston' 2.

iterators g th'li' mama! mdvcmcnt at It will be seen that he runner has at his -'ton and main valve controlling the same, of

a differential pressure-actuated device for command thetwo throttle valve levers and47, conveniently located, through which. any desired control may be exercised over the movements of the difl'erential piston and thereby over the movements of the tool.

. While we have shown and' described in detail one specific embodiment of our-in.- vention, it is to be understood that the same is not limited to the details of construction,

or the specific form or relative arrangement of parts, or to the application here made of the same, but that extensive deviations from the details shown may be made without departing from the spirit ofthe invention.

Claims. I v 1. In a direct-acting, fluid-pressure engine, the combination with a cylinder, a pismoving the. main valve, a reversing .valve' actuated by the main piston for admitting pressure to or exhausting the same from the larger area of. said pressure-actuated de-v vice,-and a manually operable throttle valve for'the exhaust from said pressure-actuated device.

2. In a directacting,-; fluid-pressure engine, the combination with a cylinder, a, piston and main .valve controlling the same,

of a diiferential, pressure-actuated device for moving the main valve, a reversingv valve actuated by the main piston tor admitting. pressure to or exhausting the same from ,the larger area of said pressure-actuated device, and .manually operable. means for throttling the pressure admitted to or the .exhaust from the larger area of said pressure-actuated device.

3'. In a direct-acting, fluid-pressure engine, the combination with a cylinder, a piston and main valve controlling the same,

I a pressure-actuated, valve-moving means, a reversing valve for sald-pressure-actuated,

valve-movingmeans, said reversing valve being operated by movement of the main piston,- and a pair of throttle valves controllable by the operator of the machine for retarding the movement of the main con-- trolling valvein either direction.

4. In. a direct acting, fluid-pressureengine the combination with, a cylinder, a

piston and a main valve controlling the same and pressure fluid means for operat- 1ng'the. ma1n valye, reversingv means for saidpressure actuated means operated'by;

piston movement, and-manually operable means for throttling the pressure supply to or exhaust from said pressure actuated.

means. I I

5. In a 'direct'actmg, fluld-pressure en-.

gine thecombination with a cylinder, a

piston and a main valve controlling the same, -a pressure-actuated, valve-moving means,'.a reversingvalve for said pressure- .In testimony whereof, we have signed ournames to this specification 1n thepresence of two subscribmg witnesses. 1 e

ALBERT. BALL.

THOMAS OFFICER.

I Witnesses;

ROBERT J. MERRILL, 4 THOMAS Boocrn. 

